Praxis SLP Licensure Exam

Which disorder is characterized by intact language comprehension but impaired language production and syntax?

1. Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

2. Down syndrome

3. Specific learning disability (SLI)

4. Traumatic brain injury (TBI)

The correct answer is: Down syndrome

The disorder characterized by intact language comprehension but impaired language production and syntax is best described by the choice of Down syndrome. Individuals with Down syndrome often exhibit developmental delays, including in expressive language skills. Their ability to understand language can remain intact, allowing them to comprehend more complex language than they are able to produce. This distinction is critical in recognizing how different language abilities can manifest in various disorders. In the context of Down syndrome, children may understand what is being said to them and can follow instructions, yet they might struggle to form sentences or articulate their thoughts effectively, leading to challenges in communication. This disparity aligns with the characteristics described in the question, highlighting the language production deficits while preserving comprehension abilities. While other options do relate to language difficulties, they do not specifically mirror the intact comprehension paired with impaired production and syntax as seen in Down syndrome. Hence, understanding these patterns is important for assessing and designing interventions for communication difficulties within this population.